Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the major supply of calories for almost all people, which is  a macronutrient that the body requires in large dosages every day for correct working. Also carbohydrates  are very important to controlling diabetes and high blood sugar.

Carbohydrates are widely accessible in regular diets, even in the lowest countries, however the favored resources for  carbohydrates are cereals (wheat, rye, corn, etc.), fruits, and vegetables,  that also consist of sufficient fibers and and various nutrients.

Carbohydrates are customarily categorized as simple (sugars, ie, mono- and disaccharides) or complex (starches, ie, polysaccharides) depending on the the number of sugar molecules in their chemical structures.


Carbohydrates are divided into three general classes,  based on the number of carbohydrate molecules they comprise:

1- Monosaccharides: Individual carbohydrate molecules that can't be hydrolyzed to get smaller molecules of carbohydrate.

2- Disaccharides: are created by two monosaccharides connected with a glycosidic bond.

3-Polysaccharides: are created by three or more monosaccharides.

Carbohydrates that contain a few monosaccharide units  these are known as oligosaccharides. While those containing a great number of monosaccharide units are called polysaccharides.